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5.4.1 查看当前系统中的软件信息(dpkg -l) "dpkg -l"命令用于查看当前系统中所有deb的软件包信息；通过"dpkg -l"命令与less和grep命令配合使用，可以实现更复杂的软件包信息查询功能。 debian:~/Desktop# dpkg -l 期望状态=未知(u)/安装(i)/删除(r )/清除(p)/保持(h) | 当前状态=未(n)/已安装(i)/仅存配置(c )/仅解压缩(U)/配置失败(F)/不完全安装(H) |/ 错误？=(无)/保持(?)/须重装(R )/两者兼有(#) (状态，错误：大写=故障) ||/ 名称 版本 简介 +++-====================================-=========================-============================================ ii acpi 0.09-1 displays information on ACPI devices ii acpid 1.0.4-5 Utilities for using ACPI power management ii adduser 3.87 Add and remove users and groups ii alacarte 0.8-3 easy GNOME menu editing tool ii alsa-base 1.0.11-2 ALSA driver configuration files ii alsa-utils 1.0.11-4 ALSA utilities ii antlr 2.7.6-6 language tool for constructing recognizers, ii apt 0.6.44.1 Advanced front-end for dpkg ii apt-utils 0.6.44.1 APT utility programs ii aptitude 0.4.1-1.1 terminal-based apt frontend ii artsbuilder 3.5.3-1 synthesizer designer for aRts ii at 3.1.10 Delayed job execution and batch processing ii base-files 3.1.13 Debian base system miscellaneous files ii base-passwd 3.5.11 Debian base system master password and group ii bash 3.1-4 The GNU Bourne Again SHell ii bc 1.06-19 The GNU bc arbitrary precision calculator la ii bin86 0.16.14-1.4 16-bit x86 assembler and loader ii bind9-host 9.3.2-2 Version of 'host' bundled with BIND 9.X debian:~#dpkg -l | less 查询系统中与"vim"相关的软件包 debian:~#dpkg -l | grep -i vim 5.4.2 查询已安装的指定软件包的详细信息(dpkg -s) 使用"dpkg -s"命令查询ssh软件包的详细信息 debian:~# dpkg -s ssh Package: ssh Status: install ok installed Priority: extra Section: net Installed-Size: 32 Maintainer: Matthew Vernon <matthew@debian.org> Architecture: all Source: openssh Version: 1:4.3p2-2 Depends: openssh-client, openssh-server Description: Secure shell client and server (transitional package) This is a transitional package depending on both the OpenSSH client and the OpenSSH server, which are now in separate packages. You may remove it once the upgrade is complete and nothing depends on it. 5.4.3 查询系统中已安装的软件包所安装的文件(dpkg -L) 显示"ssh"软件包安装到系统的文件 debian:~# dpkg -L ssh /. /usr /usr/share /usr/share/doc /usr/share/doc/openssh-client /usr/share/doc/ssh 5.4.4 查询系统中的某个文件属于哪个软件包(dpkg -S) debian:~# dpkg -S /etc/init.d/networking netbase: /etc/init.d/networking 文件"/etc/init.d/networking"属于名为"netbase"的软件包。 debian:~# dpkg -S /etc/passwd dpkg：没有找到 /etc/passwd。 系统中许多文件不属于任何软件包，它们可能是用户或程序运行时建立的文件。 本文转自 h2appy 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/h2appy/271127，如需转载请自行联系原作者